Bank of Canada maintains overnight rate target at 1 per cent

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE 18 January 2011

CONTACT: Jeremy Harrison 613 782-8782 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting              613 782-8782      end_of_the_skype_highlighting

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Bank of Canada maintains overnight rate target at 1 per cent

OTTAWA –The Bank of Canada today announced that it is maintaining its target for the overnight rate at 1 per cent. The Bank Rate is correspondingly 1 1/4 per cent and the deposit rate is 3/4 per cent.
The global economic recovery is proceeding at a somewhat faster pace than the Bank had anticipated, although risks remain elevated. Private domestic demand in the United States has picked up and will be reinforced by recently announced monetary and fiscal stimulus. European growth has also been slightly stronger than anticipated. Ongoing challenges associated with sovereign and bank balance sheets will limit the pace of the European recovery and are a significant source of uncertainty to the global outlook. In response to overheating, some emerging markets have begun to implement more restrictive policy measures. Their effectiveness will influence the path of commodity prices, which have increased significantly since the October Monetary Policy Report (MPR), largely reflecting stronger global growth.
The recovery in Canada is proceeding broadly as anticipated, with a period of more modest growth and the beginning of the expected rebalancing of demand. The contribution of government spending is expected to wind down this year, consistent with announced fiscal plans. Stretched household balance sheets are expected to restrain the pace of consumption growth and residential investment. In contrast, business investment will likely continue to rebound strongly, owing to stimulative financial conditions and competitive imperatives. Net exports are projected to contribute more to growth going forward, supported by stronger U.S. activity and global demand for commodities. However, the cumulative effects of the persistent strength in the Canadian dollar and Canada’s poor relative productivity performance are restraining this recovery in net exports and contributing to a widening of Canada’s current account deficit to a 20-year high.
Overall, the Bank projects the economy will expand by 2.4 per cent in 2011 and 2.8 per cent in 2012 – a slightly firmer profile than had been anticipated in the October MPR. With a little more excess supply in the near term, the Bank continues to expect that the economy will return to full capacity by the end of 2012.
Underlying pressures affecting prices remain subdued, reflecting the considerable slack in the Canadian economy. Core inflation is projected to edge gradually up to 2 per cent by the end of 2012, as excess supply in the economy is slowly absorbed. Inflation expectations remain well-anchored.  Total CPI inflation is being boosted temporarily by the effects of provincial indirect taxes, but is expected to converge to the 2 per cent target by the end of 2012.
Reflecting all of these factors, the Bank has decided to maintain the target for the overnight rate at 1 per cent. This leaves considerable monetary stimulus in place, consistent with achieving the 2 per cent inflation target in an environment of significant excess supply in Canada. Any further reduction in monetary policy stimulus would need to be carefully considered. 


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Bank of Canada maintains overnight rate target at 1 per cent

Bank of Canada maintains overnight rate target at 1 per cent

OTTAWA – The Bank of Canada today announced that it is maintaining its target for the overnight rate at 1 per cent. The Bank Rate is correspondingly 1 1/4 per cent and the deposit rate is 3/4 per cent.
The global economic recovery is proceeding largely as expected, although risks have increased. As anticipated, private domestic demand in the United States is picking up slowly, while growth in emerging-market economies has begun to ease to a more sustainable, but still robust, pace. In Europe, recent data have been consistent with a modest recovery. At the same time, there is an increased risk that sovereign debt concerns in several countries could trigger renewed strains in global financial markets.
The recovery in Canada is proceeding at a moderate pace, although economic activity in the second half of 2010 appears slightly weaker than the Bank projected in its October Monetary Policy Report. In the third quarter, household spending was stronger than the Bank had anticipated and growth in business investment was robust. However, net exports were weaker than projected and continued to exert a significant drag on growth. This underlines a previously-identified risk that a combination of disappointing productivity performance and persistent strength in the Canadian dollar could dampen the expected recovery of net exports.
Inflation dynamics in Canada have been broadly in line with the Bank's expectations and the underlying pressures affecting prices remain largely unchanged.
Reflecting all of these factors, the Bank has decided to maintain the target for the overnight rate at 1 per cent. This leaves considerable monetary stimulus in place, consistent with achieving the 2 per cent inflation target in an environment of significant excess supply in Canada. Any further reduction in monetary policy stimulus would need to be carefully considered. 
Information note:
The next scheduled date for announcing the overnight rate target is 18 January 2011. A full update of the Bank’s outlook for the economy and inflation, including risks to the projection, will be published in the Monetary Policy Report on 19 January 2011.

http://www.okanaganmortgages.com

Bank of Canada maintains overnight rate target at 1 per cent

Bank of Canada Maintains Overnight Rate Target at 1 Per Cent.

OTTAWA – The Bank of Canada today announced that it is maintaining its target for the overnight rate at 1 per cent. The Bank Rate is correspondingly 1 1/4 per cent and the deposit rate is 3/4 per cent.
The global economic recovery is entering a new phase. In advanced economies, temporary factors supporting growth in 2010 - such as the inventory cycle and pent-up demand - have largely run their course and fiscal stimulus will shift to fiscal consolidation over the projection horizon. While the Bank expects that private demand in advanced economies will become sufficiently entrenched to sustain the recovery, the combination of difficult labour market dynamics and ongoing deleveraging in many advanced economies is expected to moderate the pace of growth relative to prior expectations. These factors will contribute to a weaker-than-projected recovery in the United States in particular. Growth in emerging-market economies is expected to ease to a more sustainable pace as fiscal and monetary policies are tightened. Heightened tensions in currency markets and related risks associated with global imbalances could result in a more protracted and difficult global recovery.
The economic outlook for Canada has changed. The Bank expects the economic recovery to be more gradual than it had projected in its July Monetary Policy Report, with growth of 3.0 per cent in 2010, 2.3 per cent in 2011, and 2.6 per cent in 2012. This more modest growth profile reflects a more gradual global recovery and a more subdued profile for household spending. With housing activity declining markedly as anticipated and household debt considerations becoming more important, the Bank expects household expenditures to decelerate to a pace closer to the rate of income growth over the projection horizon. Overall, the composition of demand in Canada is expected to shift away from government and household expenditures towards business investment and net exports. The strength of net exports will be sensitive to currency movements, the expected recovery in productivity growth, and the prospects for external demand.
Inflation in Canada has been slightly below the Bank’s July projection. The recent moderation in core inflation is consistent with the persistence of significant excess supply and a deceleration in the growth of unit labour costs. The Bank judges that the output gap is slightly larger and that the economy will return to full capacity by the end of 2012 rather than the beginning of that year, as had been anticipated in July. The inflation outlook has been revised down and both total CPI and core inflation are now expected to converge to 2 per cent by the end of 2012, as excess supply in the economy is gradually absorbed and inflation expectations remain well-anchored.
Reflecting all of these factors, the Bank has decided to maintain the target for the overnight rate at 1 per cent. This leaves considerable monetary stimulus in place, consistent with achieving the 2 per cent inflation target in an environment of significant excess supply in Canada.
At this time of transition in the global recovery, with a weaker U.S. outlook, constraints beginning to moderate growth in emerging-market economies, and domestic considerations that are expected to slow consumption and housing activity in Canada, any further reduction in monetary policy stimulus would need to be carefully considered.
Information note:
A full update of the Bank’s outlook for the economy and inflation, including risks to the projection, will be published in the MPR on 20 October 2010. The next scheduled date for announcing the overnight rate target is 7 December 2010.

http://www.okanaganmortgages.com/

Bank of Canada Maintains Overnight Rate Target at 1 Per Cent.

RBC Report Says Bank of Canada Likely to hold Rates Until March 2011

RBC report says BoC likely to hold rates until March 2011

This month's RBC Financial Markets Monthly publication reports that the Bank of Canada is likely to hold rates until March 2010.
Report Excerpts:
Canada takes a breather after sprinting out of recession
With real GDP standing a hair’s breadth away from its pre-recession peak and final domestic demand already treading into new territory, reports of more moderate activity in July did not prove too surprising. The sharp recovery in the housing market started to stall in mid-2010 because pent-up demand generated during the recession was satiated and buying—ahead of the mild tightening in mortgage rules and the implementation or increase in the HST in three provinces—was exhausted. The robust sales pace left a high level of household debt in its wake resulting in the debt-to-income ratio rising to an all-time high in the first quarter.
Recent growth has not been strong enough to exert significant downward pressure on the unemployment rate and inflation pressures have been moderate with the core rate at 1.6%. The headline inflation rate was 1.7% in August, thereby holding below the Bank’s 2% target, even after the harmonization of provincial and federal sales taxes in Ontario and BC were incorporated into the price measure. Unlike in the US, where we expect that core inflation will remain very low, we forecast Canada’s core rate to hold just below the 2% target during the forecast horizon and gravitate above 2% in mid-2012.
Rate increases likely to resume in early 2011
Our overall assessment of the Canadian outlook has changed little in the past month, so we are maintaining our call that the Bank will gradually raise the overnight rate to 2.25% in the second half of 2011. This gradual reduction in policy accommodation will keep a lid on the degree that term interest rates will rise especially against a backdrop of very low U.S. rates. We trimmed our 2011 forecast for yields looking for the two-year rate to end 2011 at 2.85% and the 10-year bond yield at 3.75%.

Other highlights from this month's Financial Markets Monthly:

• U.S. data have been a mixed bag and confirm that the U.S. recovery is continuing, albeit slowly. The risk of deflation, not inflation, appears to be at the top of the mind for policymakers now with the Fed likely to implement another round of quantitative easing to ensure that growth and inflation do not slow further.
• The uncertain global outlook is likely to be the dominant factor in the Bank of Canada shifting to the sidelines for the remainder of 2010.
• Policymakers in the UK are unlikely to deliver a further easing in policy unless conditions become much worse.
• The RBA stayed on the sidelines this month although the statement showed a clear tightening bias which sets up for a hike before year end.
• Canada’s economy sputtered in July after very robust domestic demand earlier in the year.
• Inflation remains mild with both the headline and core rates below the Bank’s 2% target.
• The uncertain global outlook is likely to be the dominant factor in the Bank shifting to the sidelines for the remainder of 2010.

http://www.okanaganmortgages.com/

RBC Report Says Bank of Canada Likely to hold Rates Until March 2011

Bank of Canada Increases Overnight Rate Target to 1 Per Cent.

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
8 September 2010 CONTACT: Jeremy Harrison
613 782-8782
Bank of Canada increases overnight rate target to 1 per cent

OTTAWA –The Bank of Canada today announced that it is raising its target for the overnight rate by one-quarter of one percentage point to 1 per cent. The Bank Rate is correspondingly 1 1/4 per cent and the deposit rate is 3/4 per cent.

The global economic recovery is proceeding but remains uneven, balancing strong activity in emerging market economies with weak growth in some advanced economies. In the United States, the recovery in private demand is being held back by high unemployment and recent indicators suggest a more muted recovery in the near term.

Economic activity in Canada was slightly softer in the second quarter than the Bank had expected, although consumption and investment have evolved largely as anticipated. Going forward, consumption growth is expected to remain solid and business investment to rise strongly. Both are being supported by accommodative credit conditions, which have eased in recent weeks mainly owing to sharp declines in global bond yields.

The Bank now expects the economic recovery in Canada to be slightly more gradual than it had projected in its July Monetary Policy Report (MPR), largely reflecting a weaker profile for U.S. activity. Inflation in Canada has been broadly in line with the Bank's expectations and its dynamics are essentially unchanged.

Against this backdrop, the Bank decided to increase its target for the overnight rate to 1 per cent. As a result of monetary policy measures taken since April, financial conditions in Canada have tightened modestly but remain exceptionally stimulative. This is consistent with achieving the 2 per cent inflation target in an environment of significant excess supply in Canada.

Any further reduction in monetary policy stimulus would need to be carefully considered in light of the unusual uncertainty surrounding the outlook.

Information note:
The next scheduled date for announcing the overnight rate target is 19 October 2010. A full update of the Bank’s outlook for the economy and inflation, including risks to the projection, will be published in the MPR on 20 October 2010.

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Bank of Canada Increases Overnight Rate Target to 1 Per Cent.

"North America's Story is Again Darkening", Says CIBC

TORONTO, Aug. 18 /CNW/ - Continuing weakness in the U.S. economy may force the Bank of Canada to put interest rate hikes on hold after September, notes a new report from CIBC World Markets Inc.

"North America's story is again darkening," says CIBC's Chief economist in the latest Global Positioning Strategy report. "We were looking for a material second-half slowdown for the U.S. but as it turns out, it's already happened."

Economic growth stateside from April to June is being revised downward, Mr. Shenfeld notes, and key indicators are pointing to growth that will be slower than anticipated by U.S. monetary policy makers.

And still ahead is a "further fiscal belt tightening in 2011 that will have to be softened, and accompanied by quantitative easing, if the U.S. is to stay out of recession in early 2011 and get back to potential growth by the end of that year.

"Forget about any rates hikes from the U.S. Federal Reserve until sometime in 2012 at the earliest."

While Canada is in much better economic shape - it leads the U.S., Eurozone, U.K. and Japan in first-half growth and has a record gap over the U.S. in the share of working age population holding a job - it "cannot move all the way to normalized interest rates while the U.S. Federal Reserve is still on hold," Mr. Shenfeld contends.

For starters, an interest rate differential of 300-400 basis points would take the loonie "substantially stronger" creating additional headwinds for Canadian economic growth, says Mr. Shenfeld.

Furthermore, the "external environment will be one of less-than-normal growth as fiscal tightening bites in Europe and the U.S., and with our own upcoming fiscal tightening also hitting domestic demand, monetary policy might have to be set at stimulative levels to allow the economy to return to potential and remain there. To keep moving at all, you have to step on the gas if your car is trying to roll up a steep incline."

Mr. Shenfeld doubts that the Bank of Canada "has been shocked enough to forestall a rate hike in September" but his forecast that Canadian growth in Q2 and Q3 will fall below the BoC's outlook will likely warrant a rethinking in the October Monetary Policy Report and in the months to follow.

The report also notes that there are limits to how far the Bank of Canada can diverge from the U.S. Federal Reserve without later regretting it. Episodes in recent years in which rate overnight rates were 2 per cent or more above those stateside resulted in sagging or sacrificed growth. These are "lessons learned, we hope," says Mr. Shenfeld.

"Since a hike at every rate setting date through 2011 would take rates substantially higher than 2%, a pause is coming on the road to tightening."

As a result of the dampened external growth outlook, Mr. Shenfeld has trimmed his call for rate hikes. He sees Canadian overnight rates going no higher than 2% next year as the U.S. Federal Reserve stays on hold.

A less hawkish monetary policy combined with a mixed outlook for commodity prices affected by slow global growth will also likely see the Canadian dollar roughly two cents weaker than earlier forecast over the same horizon, adds Mr. Shenfeld.

The complete CIBC World Markets report is available at: http://research.cibcwm.com/economic_public/download/gps_aug10.pdf



CIBC World Markets Inc. is the corporate and investment banking arm of CIBC. To deliver on our mandate as a premier client-focused and Canadian-based wholesale bank, we provide a wide range of credit, capital markets, investment banking, merchant banking and research products and services to government, institutional, corporate and retail clients in Canada and in key markets around the world.

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"North America's Story is Again Darkening", Says CIBC

Variable Rate May No Longer Win

Garry Marr, Financial Post · Tuesday, Jul. 27, 2010

Not that there are a lot of people buying houses these days, but the answer to the age-old question of whether to go long or short on your mortgage is unclear yet again.

The Bank of Canada’s second quarter-of-a-point rate increase in the past two months is likely not going to do much to boost a real estate market that saw sales drop almost 20% across the country in June from a year ago.

The popular variable-rate product tied to prime that helped people buy a lot more house with more debt is going up too. The prime rate at the major banks, which tracks the Bank of Canada’s rate, is now at 2.75%.

But a funny thing happened as the Bank of Canada was raising rates. With much of the credit crisis seemingly behind us, the discounts on short-term borrowing are increasing as the cost of funds for banks also fall. Instead of borrowing at 100 basis points above prime, it’s now 70 basis points off prime.

At 2.05%, a variable-rate product today may look as attractive as ever, but the five-year fixed-rate closed mortgage is falling fast. It can now be had for a shade under 4%, says Rob McLister, editor of Canadian Mortgage Trends.

“Bond yields have fallen out of bed and nobody expected that,” said Mr. McLister, adding the spread between the five-year Government of Canada bonds and five-year mortgages is still large enough that the banks may reduce long-term rates even more. However, at about 4%, the five-year closed fixed-rate mortgage isn’t far off its record low.

Bank of Montreal senior economist Sal Guatieri does agree that variable-rate products have worked out better than fixed-rate mortgages throughout history, but says the tide may be turning.

“Given that the central bank has already raised rates a couple of times now and will likely continue to raise rates, it probably is a correct assumption to make,” says Mr. Guatieri, noting variable usually works in a declining interest-rate environment. “The next five years might not quite follow the past. You could probably argue it’s wiser to lock in now. It’s a close call.”

Bank of Montreal is forecasting another 25 basis point move in September and says rates will climb another 1.5 percentage points by the end of 2011. If Mr. Guatieri and others are right, by 2012, the variable-rate products out today would clock in at just above 3.75%, if the discounting remains the same.

“If you are still in that variable-rate product then, you’d have to sweat out the next three years because there would still be possibly more increases,” says Mr. Guatieri, who adds his bank sees the overnight rate eventually going to 4% in the following three years. Based on the present gap between the Bank of Canada and prime, that would place the variable-rate product you get today at 6% by around 2015.

Fears of such a scenario are driving people into fixed-rate products again. That, plus new mortgage rules that make it easier to qualify for a mortgage if you go for a fixed-rate product with a term of five years or longer.

“The Bank of Canada is doing what it said — it’s going ahead with rate increases. If I was counselling someone, the prediction is rates are going up, so now is a good time to consider locking in for a term,” says Don Lawby, president of Century 21 Canada.

It makes sense, but with variable rate still at around 2%, it’s easy to see why people wouldn’t want to lock in. Even Mr. Guatieri says if you are secure in your financial situation and don’t need to fix your mortgage payments, “you might just want to let it ride.”

There just never seems to be a clear answer on whether to lock in or stay variable.

Read more: http://www.financialpost.com/news/Variable+rate+longer/3329442/story.html#ixzz0vSziPq1z

Variable Rate May No Longer Win

Bank of Canada Increases Overnight Rate Target to 1/2 Per Cent and Re-establishes Normal Functioning of the Overnight Market

OTTAWA – The Bank of Canada today announced that it is raising its target for the overnight rate by one-quarter of one percentage point to 1/2 per cent. The Bank Rate is correspondingly raised to 3/4 per cent and the deposit rate is kept at 1/4 per cent, thus re-establishing the normal operating band of 50 basis points for the overnight rate.

The global economic recovery is proceeding but is increasingly uneven across countries, with strong momentum in emerging market economies, some consolidation of the recovery in the United States, Japan and other industrialized economies, and the possibility of renewed weakness in Europe. The required rebalancing of global growth has not yet materialized.

In most advanced economies, the recovery remains heavily dependent on monetary and fiscal stimulus. In general, broad forces of household, bank, and sovereign deleveraging will add to the variability, and temper the pace, of global growth. Recent tensions in Europe are likely to result in higher borrowing costs and more rapid tightening of fiscal policy in some countries – an important downside risk identified in the April Monetary Policy Report (MPR). Thus far, the spillover into Canada from events in Europe has been limited to a modest fall in commodity prices and some tightening of financial conditions.

Activity in Canada is unfolding largely as expected. The economy grew by a robust 6.1 per cent in the first quarter, led by housing and consumer spending. Employment growth has resumed. Going forward, household spending is expected to decelerate to a pace more consistent with income growth. The anticipated pickup in business investment will be important for a more balanced recovery.

CPI inflation has been in line with the Bank’s April projections. The outlook for inflation reflects the combined influences of strong domestic demand, slowing wage growth, and overall excess supply.

In this context, the Bank has decided to raise the target for the overnight rate to 1/2 per cent and to re-establish the normal functioning of the overnight market.

This decision still leaves considerable monetary stimulus in place, consistent with achieving the 2 per cent inflation target in light of the significant excess supply in Canada, the strength of domestic spending, and the uneven global recovery.

Given the considerable uncertainty surrounding the outlook, any further reduction of monetary stimulus would have to be weighed carefully against domestic and global economic developments.

Information note:
The next scheduled date for announcing the overnight rate target is 20 July 2010. A full update of the Bank’s outlook for the economy and inflation, including risks to the projection, will be published in the MPR on 22 July 2010.

Bank of Canada Increases Overnight Rate Target to 1/2 Per Cent and Re-establishes Normal Functioning of the Overnight Market

Carney's Big Call

Paul Vieira, Financial Post

Ottawa -- Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney has had a busy time of it since taking over as the country's central banker 27 months ago, mostly tackling the financial crisis, mapping out the road to recovery and reassuring Canadians that at the end of the day the bank's extraordinary policies would work.

The one thing he has yet to do during his term, however, is raise interest rates. That might be about to change on Tuesday. If he does pull the trigger - and that is what most analysts expect - it won't be after grappling with competing forces that convey two starkly different messages about the economic outlook.

"We are at point where it is a tug of war between structural issues that are facing the eurozone and a very strong economic cyclical backdrop," says Stéfane Marion, chief economist at National Bank Financial.

Weighing on the governor are the economic data, which call out for a rate hike - as much as 50 basis points, some reckon. The data have been consistently strong and surprising to the upside. Job creation is in full swing, with a record 109,000 workers added to payrolls in April; consumers are buying up goods at a healthy pace, tax credits or not; corporate profits are rebounding to pre-recession levels; and inflation is creeping closer to the central bank's preferred 2% target. The sterling fundamentals prompted the central bank last month to ditch its conditional commitment to keep its policy rate at a record low 0.25% until July, leading traders to price in a nearly 100% chance of a rate hike on June 1.

That was until sovereign debt worries exploded in Europe, once Greece formally asked for international help days after the last Bank of Canada rate decision. That sparked an across-the-board retreat in global equity markets, down 9.3% since the beginning of May, as traders sold stocks and poured into risk-averse U.S. treasuries and other government securities on fears that another credit crunch was at hand. Mr. Carney is likely aware of this better than most, given his capital markets background from Goldman Sachs.

The most worrying sign on Mr. Carney's radar screen might be the small but steady increases in the cost of borrowing among banks, a signal European lenders are finding it tough to access cash from their peers on concern over how much Greek, Portuguese and Spanish debt they hold.

In the end, the consensus is Mr. Carney is leaning toward a rate hike - a modest one, though, of 25 basis points. The thinking is, an ounce of prevention now is worth a pound of cure later.

"We can't look at things in a vacuum, because there are so many other factors besides Europe's issues" says Jonathan Basile, an economist with Credit Suisse in New York who closely watches Canadian markets. "The truth is the macroeconomic evidence is outweighing the financial risks right now."

The last time the Bank of Canada raised its benchmark rate was in July 2007, by 25 basis points to 4.5%. At the time, former governor David Dodge said the economy was operating above its production potential, and inflation was likely to stay above its 2% inflation target for longer than forecast.

Little did Mr. Dodge know that the U.S. subprime crisis would morph into the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression, roiling markets and economies around the world. This is why Europe's recent fiscal woes have triggered a case of nerves, and might prompt Mr. Carney to rethink any rate move.

"The Bank of Canada wants to raise rates, but it doesn't have a crystal ball," CIBC World Markets said in a note to clients. "It can't be certain that the recent financial market downturn isn't going to morph into something more severe that would make a rate hike look out of place."

There's another school of thought, though, that suggests markets have overreacted to a regional problem. In this context, it is key to remember the Bank of Canada didn't expect the eurozone to contribute much to global growth, envisaging only 1.2% expansion this year and 1.6% in 2011.

"The European picture will calm down and people will realize it is not as dramatic as being played out," says Carlos Leitao, chief economist at Laurentian Bank Securities.

Yes, he acknowledges, the debt-ridden southern European economies have tough years ahead. But other countries, led by Germany and France, are going to capitalize on the lower euro and boost their exports to emerging economies and North America, which will help offset the drag from the so-called Club Med nations.

Besides Europe, Mr. Carney has other factors to consider.

Canada's sovereign debt levels are indeed much better than the industrialized world, as our politicians like to remind us. But the amount of debt held by households, measured as a percentage of disposable income, stood at a historical high of 146% - of which 98% is mortgage related - at the end of 2009, rating agency DBRS estimates. That would put Canadian households ahead of the United States but behind Britain on this measure. A rate hike would signal it might be time to live more modestly and refrain from too much debt-financed consumption (which helped fuel those nasty asset bubbles that central banks may want to pay more attention to in the aftermath of the subprime debacle).

Mr. Carney's other challenge is to explain why, and what's ahead. He has come off a period where he provided extraordinary guidance to markets. Don't expect similar language from the governor.

If anything, Mr. Marion warns the central bank should refrain from using the type of guidance the U.S. Federal Reserve deployed in 2004, when it signalled a period of "moderate" rate hikes were in the offing.

In retrospect, the Fed's use of the word moderate "encouraged more financial excesses," leading to the subprime bust, Mr. Marion says. "Carney doesn't have to be brusque about it. He has the luxury to start slowly, and leave his options open," from pausing should Europe deteriorate to hiking aggressively, by 50 basis points, if conditions warrant.

Mr. Carney reminded us recently that "nothing is pre-ordained" at the Bank of Canada. He's likely to drive home that point on Tuesday, rate hike or not.

Financial Post

pvieira@nationalpost.com

Read more: http://www.financialpost.com/news-sectors/story.html?id=3084621#ixzz0pWefy3St

Carney's Big Call

Bank Signals Higher Interest Rates Only Weeks Away, as Dollar Soars

By Julian Beltrame, The Canadian Press

OTTAWA - The Bank of Canada signaled Tuesday it is poised to start raising interest rates in a matter of weeks, a move that will make borrowing costs higher on everything from car loans to mortgages.

Over the last few weeks, Canadians have already felt the impact of expectations that rates were due to rise - most major Canadians banks started hiking fixed-rate mortgage rates by as much as 0.85 per cent.

But with the central bank now saying it is prepared to move off its emergency 0.25 per cent overnight rate as early as June 1, the whole menu of variable and short-term rates are being brought into play.

"The one that will be affected is the prime lending rate... so the whole gamut will go up when the Bank of Canada raises its rate," said Bank of Montreal economist Michael Gregory. Those include variable-rate mortgages, lines of credit and short-term car loans, he said.

The bank is also risking sending the Canadian dollar into the stratosphere by moving significantly and robustly before the U.S. Federal Reserve moves off its own zero per cent interest rate policy.

The loonie soared within minutes of the central bank's 9 a.m. ET policy statement, which, while leaving the rate unchanged for now, made no secret of where it is headed.

The bank's governing council declared that with the economy and inflation growing faster this year than had been previously thought, there was no need to stay with its "conditional commitment" to leave rates unchanged until the end of the second quarter, or after June 30.

"This unconventional policy provided considerable additional stimulus during a period of very weak economic conditions," the council wrote.

"With recent improvements in the economic outlook, the need for such extraordinary policy is now passing, and it is appropriate to begin to lessen the degree of monetary stimulus."

Hence, the council went on, it was withdrawing the conditional commitment.

The bank also said it was ending its key emergency lending instrument that helped inject liquidity into money markets during the crisis, which economists called a clear signal about the central bank's future intentions.

The dollar rose about 1.5 cents shortly afterwards, breaking through the parity ceiling with the U.S. greenback. It closed up 1.58 cents at 100.12 cents U.S.

The currency move suggested that while the market had expected bank governor Mark Carney to signal a tightening bias, it was surprised by the hawkish tone.

"Removing the conditional commitment to keep rates on hold until July and ending purchase and resale agreements are as good as cementing a June 1 hike," said economists Derek Holt and Karen Cordes Woods of Scotia Capital in a note to clients.

Holt added in an interview that the language from the bank opens the door for a bigger-than-expected hike in June, perhaps by as much as half a point.

Not all analysts believe the market is right to anticipate a June hike, however. Some say Carney is still leaving himself some wiggle room to stay at the lower bound until July 20, while others are advising the governor to wait until the Fed acts.

"I would keep rates unchanged until the Fed moves, because otherwise you create this problem on the Canadian dollar," said Brian Bethune, chief economist with IHS Global Insight.

A strong loonie is regarded as a brake on economic growth because it makes the price of Canadian exports less competitive in foreign markets.

In the statement, the central bank conceded the point, listing the "persistent strength of the Canadian dollar," along with poor productivity and low U.S. demand as "significant drags" on the Canadian economy.

But economists suggested the bank's language suggests it is prepared to live with a strong loonie.

Even so, economists that favoured a rate hike said the bank can only get so far ahead of the Fed. They note the Canadian bank has flown solo twice before in the past two decades, only to have to subsequently pull back.

"The need for emergency rates have passed but we still have a need for low rates," Holt explained.

C.D. Howe's monetary policy council, a sampling of nine economists, sees the bank's policy rate rising to 2.5 per cent by the spring of 2011. That is a significant hike from the current level, but it is still below what would be considered normal and only slightly above the rate of inflation.

While the tone on interest rates was hawkish, the bank's view on the economy was only mildly more rosy. It upgraded this year's growth to 3.7 per cent, from a previous prediction of 2.9 per cent, but it lowered its forecast for 2011 to 3.1 per cent, and it believes 2012 will only bring a 1.9 per cent advance.

It now expects the economy to return to full capacity in the spring of 2011, a full quarter before the previous estimate it made in January.

The bank did raise the temperature, slightly, on inflation.

It said core prices have been firmer than projected, but that they were expected to ease slightly in the second quarter of this year and remain near the bank's two per cent target over the next two years.

Total headline inflation, which includes volatile items such as gasoline prices, was expected to be higher than two per cent this year, but returning to target in the second half of 2011.

Bank Signals Higher Interest Rates Only Weeks Away, as Dollar Soars

OTTAWA - With the Canadian economy doing surprisingly well over the past six months, many see higher interest rates from the Bank of Canada in the not so distant future, but according to a report released Thursday from CIBC's chief economist Avery Shenfeld, rates are likely to remain at a very low 2.5% through to 2011.

In CIBC World Markets' latest Global Positioning Strategy report, Mr. Shenfeld lists several reasons for Bank of Canada Governor Mark Carney to keep interest rates subdued after July. He points out that the U.S. will probably have a more gradual approach to raising rates and if Canada gets too far ahead, that could send the Canadian dollar soaring.

"While factories are recovering in Canada alongside a global industrial revival, output remains nearly 20% below the pre-recession peak, and wages are now substantially above those stateside without the productivity gains to match. There's only so much of a competitive challenge that non-resource exporters can take in short order," Mr. Shenfeld said.

He also pointed out that inflation is not expected to rise much further and stimulus spending is expected to be reigned in by governments - including Canada's - which will slow growth.

"If the U.S., the U.K., and Japan all move from huge stimulus to even modest restraint, Canada will feel it in our export prospects come 2011," Mr. Shenfeld pointed out.

Mr. Carney has promised to keep interest rates where they are at 0.25% until the end of June. However, the latest reading of Canada's economic growth showed the core inflation rate at 2.1% in February, far above the Bank of Canada's forecast of 1.6% for the first quarter of the year. Many analysts believe the Bank of Canada will not wait until mid-2010 to raise rates.

Read more: http://www.financialpost.com/news-sectors/economy/story.html?id=2777584#ixzz0kdidcQRU

Full Percentage Point Rate Hikes Expected by Economists

TORONTO — The Bank of Canada repeated its pledge Tuesday to keep interests rates at historic lows until the middle of next year to stimulate growth and a sense of stability in the midst of a slow economic recovery.

But, economists are calling for rate hikes as much as a full percentage point or more later next year, and say the bank’s commitment to keep its key rates at 0.25 per cent creates a false sense of security in borrowers who have taken on debts larger than they could normally afford.

The C.D. Howe Institute’s 12-member monetary policy council’s median target for the overnight rate was for one per cent in the second half of 2010.

The council said the central bank should give a strong signal that when the overnight rate moves up, it may be quick and large. They also suggested the bank rein in the housing market by raising the required down payment on government-insured mortgages.

C.D. Howe president and CEO William Robson says a rapid rise in interest rates expected late next year could prove devastating for homeowners who have not evaluated their ability to carry their mortgage at a higher interest rate.

The central bank announced Tuesday the global economy has been slightly more positive than it was at the time of the bank’s October pronouncement, but added “significant fragilities remain.”

The economy grew less than analysts expected in the third quarter and inflation has been slightly higher than the central bank expected.

Diana Petramala, an economist at TD Bank, said as long as those fragilities remain, the Bank of Canada will not be swayed to move quickly with interest rate hikes.

She said TD believes there is more risk associated with the combination of a mild U.S. recovery and strengthening Canadian dollar than the central bank has outlined.

Petramala said the bank’s projection for three per cent growth in 2010 is slightly more optimistic than TD’s forecast of 2.7 per cent growth, adding that she believes the Bank of Canada’s first rate hike will not come until the fourth quarter of next year.

Dawn Desjardins, assistant chief economist at RBC Economics, said still volatile markets and global market uncertainties suggest a significant change to the central bank’s policy is premature.

Given the still-fragile global economy, she said, Canada’s growth rate in 2010 will likely fall short of those recorded during the early stages of past recoveries.

Desjardins added that if the economy continues to build momentum by next summer, the bank will likely hike the rate by one percentage point for the second half of next year.

Michael Gregory, a senior economist at BMO Capital Markets, said there was a faintly more hawkish tone in the bank’s announcement.

“The combination of higher-than-projected global growth and domestic core inflation is a shade more hawkish no matter what prism you’re looking through,” he said.

“The bank is on hold until the end of June, but come next Canada Day the bank will be hoisting its hawkish colours amid all the Canadian flags.”

The Canadian Press

Full Percentage Point Rate Hikes Expected by Economists

Bank of Canada Holds Rate

The Bank of Canada on Tuesday held the overnight rate at 0.25% following its commitment to keep rates down through the end of June 2010. The Bank of Canada remained optimistic for the performance of the economy in the second half of 2009, it seemed to be pessimistic on the medium term outlook for the Canadian economy. The bank stated the stronger performance in the second half of 2009 will be driven by "monetary and fiscal stimulus, increased household wealth, improving financial conditions, higher commodity prices, and stronger business and consumer confidence". However, the negative impact from the strength of the Loonie on the export market will more than offset these improvements and therefore the Bank has lowered its growth projection for 2011 to 3.3% down from 3.5%. The Bank now anticipates the economy will reach full capacity and inflation will reach the Bank's target by the end of June 2011, one quarter later than in the July MPR. The Bank of Canada feels the risks to the "inflation projection are tilted to the downside."

This announcement laid to rest some speculation that the bank would follow Australia' lead and hike rates sooner than expected. Canada like Australia's economic growth is being helped by commodity markets but unlike Australia, Canada suffered a deep, short recession led by the US. The Bank of Canada wants to ensure that Canada is in a recovery before hiking rates too soon. The outlook for the Canada's economy has improved significantly since the last rate announcement date but the soft domestic demand has kept inflation well under the 2% target.

Some economists believe the Bank of Canada will keep rates steady to the fourth quarter of next year but this only a prediction. Variable rate mortgages will be the best option for clients, at least for the next year or more.

Bank of Canada Holds Rate

What the Rate Cut Means For Mortgages

Garry Marr, Financial Post

The latest rate cut means consumers buying a house can borrow for as little as 3% interest on their loan if they are willing to buy into the Bank of Canada's statement Tuesday that it won't be changing rates until June, 2010.

If you don't believe the bank will hold steady on its promise, you can lock into five-year, fixed-rate mortgages for as low as 3.85% on a discounted basis -- the lowest rate in Canadian history.

But all of that may amount to nothing when it comes to soothing a Canadian housing market in which new construction has fallen below 200,000 on an annualized basis for the first time in seven years. March existing-home sales were off 13.7% from a year ago.

"What is 25 basis points among friends? It's really nothing," said Benjamin Tal, senior economist with CIBC World Markets. "This is not something that is going to change the course of the market. It only helps at the margin."

Mr. Tal did say mortgage refinancings have risen dramatically in the past few months as Canadians who might have borrowed at 5.75% just over two years ago are ready to eat any interest rate penalty because a five-year rate mortgage is now so low.

The penalty to break an existing mortgage is the greater of three months interest or what is called the interest rate differential. The interest rate differential is the lost interest between your current rate and market rates.

Mr. Tal says while there is not much lower for variable-rate mortgages to go, the gap between short-term money and long-term money is still significant enough that the temptation is not to lock in.

"You might do better the first two years [of a five-year mortgage] but not the remaining three. I'm convinced long-term interest rates will rise. I can see [long-term] rising 200 basis points. These are emergency rates and at some point this emergency will end," says the economist.

John Turner, the director of mortgages at the Bank of Montreal says he's never seen anything like what is going on in today's market.

"There is a possibility of another drop," says Mr. Turner. "But does your tummy feel good about something that has a higher possibility of going up than going down any further."

He is convinced these lower rates will boost the housing market. The 13.7% decline in home sales in March was the smallest year over year decline in six months. "I think there is a segment of the market that couldn't afford a home before," said Mr. Turner.

Don Lawby, chief executive of Century 21 Canada, said while rates are declining, banks are getting tighter with how they hand out credit.

"If you are self-employed, the banks are demanding more documentation. Appraisals are getting harder too. It's not what you bought the house for but what it's appraised for," said Mr. Lawby, who also heads up a mortgage broker business. "There is not a lot of subprime out there for people with any credit problems in their history."

Quantitative easing Q&A with the BoC

FP Posted: April 21, 2009, 10:16 PM by Alia McMullen

With interest rates now at a record low 0.25%, the Bank of Canada has provided definitions of quantitative easing and credit easing on its website.

What happens when the policy interest rate approaches zero?
"The traditional monetary policy instrument used by central banks to stabilize the economy and maintain price stability is the policy interest rate. When the policy rate moves towards zero, a central bank may consider using other tools to provide stimulus to the economy and achieve its inflation objective. This can include consideration of so-called 'unconventional' monetary measures such as quantitative easing and credit easing."

What is quantitative easing?

What the Rate Cut Means For Mortgages

Bank of Canada lowers rate to .25%

Bank of Canada lowers overnight rate target by 1/4 percentage point to 1/4 per cent and, conditional on the inflation outlook, commits to hold current policy rate until the end of the second quarter of 2010


OTTAWA – The Bank of Canada today announced that it is lowering its target for the overnight rate by one-quarter of a percentage point to 1/4 per cent, which the Bank judges to be the effective lower bound for that rate. The Bank Rate is correspondingly lowered to 1/2 per cent. The deposit rate - the rate paid on deposits held by financial institutions at the Bank of Canada - is left unchanged at 1/4 per cent and provides the floor for the overnight rate. Details of the Bank's operating framework at the effective lower bound can be found here.

In an environment of continued high uncertainty, the global recession has intensified and become more synchronous since the Bank's January Monetary Policy Report Update, with weaker-than-expected activity in all major economies. Deteriorating credit conditions have spread quickly through trade, financial, and confidence channels. While more aggressive monetary and fiscal policy actions are underway across the G20, measures to stabilize the global financial system have taken longer than expected to enact. As a result, the recession in Canada will be deeper than anticipated, with the economy projected to contract by 3.0 per cent in 2009. The Bank now expects the recovery to be delayed until the fourth quarter and to be more gradual. The economy is projected to grow by 2.5 per cent in 2010 and 4.7 per cent in 2011, and to reach its production capacity in the third quarter of 2011. Given significant restructuring in a number of sectors, potential growth has been revised down. The recovery will be importantly supported by the Bank's accommodative monetary stance.

The Bank expects core inflation to diminish through 2009, gradually returning to the 2 per cent target in the third quarter of 2011 as aggregate supply and demand return to balance. Total CPI inflation is expected to trough at -0.8 per cent in the third quarter of 2009 and return to target in the third quarter of 2011. While the underlying macroeconomic risks to the projection are roughly balanced, the Bank judges that, as a consequence of operating at the effective lower bound, the overall risks to its inflation projection are tilted slightly to the downside.

With monetary policy now operating at the effective lower bound for the overnight policy rate, it is appropriate to provide more explicit guidance than is usual regarding its future path so as to influence rates at longer maturities. Conditional on the outlook for inflation, the target overnight rate can be expected to remain at its current level until the end of the second quarter of 2010 in order to achieve the inflation target. The Bank will continue to provide such guidance in its scheduled interest rate announcements as long as the overnight rate is at the effective lower bound.

To reinforce its conditional commitment to maintain the overnight rate at 1/4 per cent, the Bank will roll over a portion of its existing stock of one- and three-month term Purchase and Resale Agreements (PRAs) into six- and twelve-month terms at minimum and maximum bid rates that correspond to the target rate and the Bank Rate, respectively. These longer-term PRAs will be issued according to the schedule released today.

Today's decision to lower the policy rate by 25 basis points brings the cumulative monetary policy easing to 425 basis points since December 2007. It is the Bank's judgment that this cumulative easing, together with the conditional commitment, is the appropriate policy stance to move the economy back to full production capacity and to achieve the 2 per cent inflation target. The Bank retains considerable flexibility in the conduct of monetary policy at low interest rates, consistent with the framework to be outlined in the Bank's Monetary Policy Report on 23 April.

Information note:

The next scheduled date for announcing the overnight rate target is 4 June 2009.

Bank of Canada lowers rate to .25%